4. Dezember 2008 | 4,119 Direktaufrufe |
4 Kommentare
Mark Mardell von BBC hat gestern Abend einen neuen Blogeintrag zum Vertrag von Lissabon veröffentlicht. In den Kommentaren fragte SuffolkBoy2 nach Artikel 48 EUV, da er ihn nicht versteht. Dieser Artikel ist von Vertragsgegnern recht sagenumwoben, weshalb ich versucht habe, ihn in Englisch zu erklären, während es bereits in Deutsch nicht ganz einfach sein dürfte, die Materie glasklar zu vermitteln:
You asked about Article 48. I noticed that No-campaigners in Ireland during the referendum in June claimed that because of this Article, people would never be allowed to hold a referendum on another treaty again. I’d like to explain to you what the Article is about and that those claims of No-campainers are not true.
Article 48 regulates three different ways to agree on a new treaty OR to change the current treaty.
Paragraphs (2) to (5) regulate how Member States can agree on a NEW treaty and ratify it. What’s new is that also the European Parliament can suggest changes now. At the moment only the national governments or the European Commission can ask for changes. What’s additionally new in the Lisbon Treaty is that before a new treaty enters the international ratification process, the national parliaments will be given the treaty so they can comment on it. So they will be actively and by law be involved in creating a new treaty from Lisbon on already BEFORE they vote on it during the ratification process. Paragraph (4) II says that the new treaty can only come into force as soon as all Member States have ratified the treaty according to their national constitutions – which means, it stays the way it is nowadays.
Paragraph (6) regulates one of the simple processes of changing a CURRENT treaty. That is actually a new thing in EU-treaties, but it’s not a big deal, too. Only Part Three of the TFEU can be changed, nothing else. Only a unanimous vote of the European Council can lead to a – let’s say – proposal of a change of Part Three. The Member States then have to unanimously agree on those changes according to their national constitutions. Since – according to paragraph (6) III – those changes of Part Three can NOT lead to a transfer of more national rights to the European Union, it will mostly not be necessary to hold a referendum in e.g. Ireland. I guess national parliaments will mostly just vote on those changes, which will most probably be minimal.
Paragraph (7) regulates another simple process of changing the CURRENT treaty. You possibly already know that even after ratifying the Lisbon Treaty there’ll still be parts within the treaty that force the Council of the European Union to agree unanimously. Unanimous votes will not be completely abolished, even though in some more areas than before a majority vote will be enough from Lisbon on. So in those areas in which unanimous votes will be necessary after all, the European Council can [according to Article 15 (4) TEU unanimously] agree on changing it from a unanimous to a majority vote. But some areas are excluded from this simple treaty change process and unanimous votes will still be necessary – those are the defense and military parts and the parts which are named in Article 353 TFEU; especially Article 352 TFEU (the flexibility clause) is important here.
So I think you can see that in general there is a slight improvement concerning the international ratification process, but all in all the Lisbon Treaty does not include a major change that would lead to an exclusion of referenda on new treaties and referenda on a transfer of additional power to the European Union. Ireland would still vote in a referendum, unless the Member State itself changes its national constitution. The simple treaty changes are really marginal and cannot lead to an extension of the rights and therefore power of the European Union, because they do not lead to a transfer of additional national power to the European Union.
In diesem Punkt wäre es wichtig, während eines zweiten Referendums für Aufklärung zu sorgen. Als Ire würde ich auch gegen den Vertrag von Lissabon stimmen, würde er mein Recht auf ein Referendum bei der Ausweitung der Rechte der Europäischen Union aushöhlen. Allerdings werden die Rechte der Iren nicht tangiert, da ohnehin bereits heute Vertragsänderungen in Form der Absätze (6) und (7) grundsätzlich möglich wären. Man müsste sie schlicht in zB Zusatzprotokollen – auch in Irland – durch die Parlamente beschließen lassen. Ein Referendum in Irland wäre bereits heute nicht erforderlich, da die Änderungen in Absatz (6) und (7) zu keiner Ausdehnung der Macht der Union führen können.
Quelle:
Vertrag von Nizza,
Vertrag von LissabonThema:
Europ. Kommission,
Europäischer Rat,
Europäisches Parlament,
Irland,
Rat der Europ. Union,
Vertrag von Lissabon,
Vertrag von Nizza